16 works, June 19th. is Peter Nicolai Arbo's day, his story, illustrated with footnotes #167

Mór Than (1828–1899)

OASIS IN THE SAHARA

Oil on canvas laid down on masonite

53.34 x 81.28 cm

Private collection

Mór Than (19 June 1828 – 11 March 1899) was a Hungarian painter.

During his law studies in Pest, he took up painting at Miklós Barabás. He was Artúr Görgei de Görgő et Toporc war drawer, a Hungarian military leader renowned for being one of the greatest generals of the Hungarian Revolutionary Army.

Mór Than (1828–1899)

Feast on the Capagna, c. 1859

Mixed technique on paper

32,5x47,5 cm

Private collection

Campagna is a small town and comune of the province of Salerno, in the Campania region of Southern Italy. Campagna is located in one of the Picentini Mountains valleys at an altitude of 270 meters above sea level. More on Campagna

From 1851, he was C. Rahl's student in Vienna and from 1855 he studied in Paris. After returning to Hungary, he was very successful in all genres of painting. He spent three years in Rome from 1857. "Nyáry and Pekry's Arrest" (See below), his first significant work (1858) was followed by a series of historic compositions on suppression ("The Battle of Mohács" (See below), 1855, "King Imre Arrests his Rebellion Brother" (See below), 1857, "Recruiting before 1848" (See below), 1861, "János Vitéz Teaches János Hunyadi the Latin Language", 1882, "Péter Pázmány Dictates", 1885, etc.).

Great Than  (1828–1899)

King Imre Captures his Factional Brother, Endre, c. 1857

Oil on canvas

Height: 132 cm (51.9 in); Width: 198 cm (77.9 in)

Hungarian National Gallery

Emeric, also known as Henry or Imre, was King of Hungary and Croatia between 1196 and 1204. In 1184, his father, Béla III of Hungary, ordered that he be crowned king, and appointed him as ruler of Croatia and Dalmatia around 1195. Emeric ascended the throne after the death of his father. During the first four years of his reign, he fought his rebellious brother, Andrew, who forced Emeric to make him ruler of Croatia and Dalmatia as appanage. More on Emeric

Mór Than (1828–1899)

The escape of Béla IV, King of Hungary and Croatia; 1206–1270, c. 1882

Oil on canvas

107,5 × 164,5cm.

Budapest, Hungarian National Gallery.

Béla IV (1206 – 3 May 1270) was King of Hungary and Croatia between 1235 and 1270, and Duke of Styria from 1254 to 1258.

The Mongols invaded Hungary and annihilated Béla's army in the Battle of Mohi on 11 April 1241. He escaped from the battlefield, but a Mongol detachment chased him from town to town as far as Trogir on the coast of the Adriatic Sea. Although he survived the invasion, the Mongols devastated the country before their unexpected withdrawal in March 1242. More on The escape of King Béla IV

Mór Than (1828–1899)

The Meeting of Ladislau IV the Cuman and Rudolf, c. 1870

Oil on canvas

37.5 x 59.6 cm

Hungarian National Gallery

The Battle on the Marchfeld took place on 26 August 1278 and was a decisive event for the history of Central Europe for the following centuries. The opponents were a Bohemian (Czech) army led by the Přemyslid king Ottokar II of Bohemia and the German army under the German king Rudolph I of Habsburg in alliance with King Ladislaus IV of Hungary. With 15,300 mounted troops, it was one of the largest cavalry battles in Central Europe during the Middle Ages. The Hungarian cavalry played a significant role in the outcome of the battle.

Rudolf's third division, led by the king personally, attacked and halted Ottokar's charge. Rudolf was unhorsed in the melee and nearly killed. More on The Meeting of Ladislau IV the Cuman and Rudolf

Mór Than (1828–1899)

The Battle of Mohács, c. 1856

Oil on canvas

Museum of Eastern-Slovakia, Košice

It took place on 29 August 1526, and ended with the defeat of Hungarian troops against the Turks. In the centre of the painting is a young "huszár" - horseman of the Hungarian cavalry, the symbol of Kingdom of Hungary, who fell with his horse, while he is holding the Hungarian flag with the image of Virgin Mary. Pál Tomori's (bishop of Kalocsa-Bács, the leader of Hungarian troops) men are saving the dead body of their lord. On the right side of the painting is the flying King Louis II of Hungary, who later drowns into the swollen stream of Csele. The sorrowful happening was followed by 150 years of Turkish rule over Hungary. More on this painting

Mór Than (1828–1899)

The Capture of Lőrinc Nyáry and Lajos Pekry, c. 1853

Oil on canvas

138.5 × 215.5 cm

Hungarian National Gallery

Bedeghi Nyőry Lőrinc (circa 1517 - Szucsány , 1558 or 1559) was the castle captain, chief lord of Hont county, lord of Berencs and Korlátkő , crown guard.

After the death of Ferenc Nyáry , the king appointed him chief lord of Hont county . He was one of the heads of the delegation that accompanied the Holy Crown when Isabella , the widow of John Szapolyai , handed it over to Ferdinand I , who therefore appointed him crown guard. In 1547 he was appointed captain of the strategically important castle of Szolnok. In September 1552, the Turks, pushing north, besieged the castle with great force, and an army of mostly foreign mercenaries escaped under the guise of night, but Nyáry endured to the end with a handful of his loyal men. Turkey was captured, and konstaninápolyi Seven Towerhe was imprisoned, from which he was freed by a Hungarian Muslim, Imre Huszár from Regőczi, with whom he donated several villages. Numerous literary adaptations of his history were made, and the battle of Szolnok inspired Than Mór 's composition entitled The Arrest of Ferenc Nyáry and Gábor Pekry , made in 1853, which is a precious piece of our romantic historical painting. More on The Capture of Lőrinc Nyáry and Lajos Pekry

Mór Than (1828–1899)

Recruitment before 1848, c. 1861

Oil on canvas

128 × 191 cm

Hungarian National Gallery

The painting is a reaction to the forced draft during the war between Italy and Austria, however, its title is alluding to another era, due to censorship at the time. Soldiers sometimes spent about ten years away from home before they could return, being puppets who serve interests of Austrian power in distant wars, in remote provinces of the Habsburg Empire.

Mór Than (1828–1899)

The Verpelét Horse Fight , Battle of Kápolna, 1849, c. 1849

Oil on canvas

28 × 40.6cm.

Budapest, National Museum

The Hungarian Revolution of 1848 or fully Hungarian Civic Revolution and War of Independence of 1848–1849  was one of many European Revolutions of 1848 and was closely linked to other revolutions of 1848 in the Habsburg areas. 

The Battle of Kápolna was during the Hungarian Revolution. The battle ended with an Austrian victory and influenced the politics of central Europe: Franz Joseph I announced the March Constitution of Austria on 4 March 1849. More on the attle of Kápolna

Mór Than (1828–1899)

Feast of Attila, c. 1870

Oil on canvas

Height: 176 cm (69.2 in); Width: 255 cm (100.3 in)

Hungarian National Gallery

Attila is the last and most famous ruler of European Huns. He led one of the most powerful empires of his age. The scene in the painting is at his wooden palace in Transylvania. Next to Attila who is in his full strength, Ernakh is sitting, his youngest son. In the front, two poets sing, old veterans are listening to the heroic song with sorrow, while young soldiers are being cheerful. There is a Roman soldier and the historian Priscus on the right side of the painting. More on this painting

Mór Than (1828–1899)

The Assassination of Karadjordje, c. 1863

Oil on canvas

National Museum, Belgrade.

Karađorđe (Đorđe Petrović, 1762-1817), the leader of the Serbian uprising against the Ottoman Empire was very popular in the period between 1804 and 1813. After the defeated uprising he fled to the Habsburg Empire and lived in exile. As soon as he got back home, in 1817 Miloš Obrenović ordered his death, and he was assassinated in Radovanj, a village near Smederevo. More on Karadjordje

He settled down in Pest in 1860. From 1864, he worked on the frescoes of the Vigadó in Pest together with Károly Lotz, which made him a painter highly appreciated. "Fata Morgana" brought him a lot of success in the Salon in Paris. He lived in Italy in the 1880s. First a guard of the Gallery of the Hungarian National Museum from 1890 onwards, he became the director of the National Gallery in 1896 for a short time. 

Besides historic pictures, he painted portraits ("Franz Liszt", "Ferenc Deák", "Mrs. Polyxena Hampel-Pulszky", "Self-Portrait", "The Sun and the Fata Morgana's Love ", 1866, "Priamus with the Corpse of Hector" (See below), 1877, "A Scene from 'The Tragedy of Man'") (See below), pictures on ecclesiastical history ("Mater Dolorosa", "St. Ceciliy", 1868), genre pictures ("Italian Genre Picture", 1860, "The Fortune Teller", 1861, "Stella", 1863, and "Bathing Girl", 1880) and frescoes in academic style (Vigadó, the Foyer of the Opera, etc.)

Mór Than (1828–1899)

Priamus with the Corpse of Hector
Oil on canvas

Hungarian National Gallery

Hector is a Troyan prince, the older child of King Priamus and Hecuba, the commander of the fortress of Troy. He was killed by Achilleus who was fighting on the side of Spartans, and out of revenge did not want to hand over the dead body. In the end, the king's appeal and Apollo's pressure had their effect, and on the 9th day Achilleus returned the corpse to Hector's family to bury him. In the centre of the painting are Hector's widow and his little son desperately crying, beside him his younger sister and his mother, on the right side his younger brother, Paris, all of them are mourning. More on Hector

Mór Than (1828–1899)

The Tragedy of Man, c. 1863

Oil on canvas

173x202 cm

National Széchényi Library

The Tragedy of Man is a play written by the Hungarian author Imre Madách. It was first published in 1861. The play is considered to be one of the major works of Hungarian literature and is one of the most often staged Hungarian plays today. 

The main characters are Adam, Eve and Lucifer. As God creates the universe, Lucifer decries it as futile, stating that man will soon aspire to be gods and demanding their own right of the world, because God was forced to create with then, "the ancient spirit of denial". God casts him out of Heaven, but grants his wish: the two cursed trees in Eden, the Tree of Knowledge and the Tree of Immortality. Playing on Eve's vanity and Adam's pride, Lucifer tempts both into sin. After the Fall and expulsion from Eden, Adam is still too proud to admit that he acted wrongly. More on The Tragedy of Man

Speaking allegorically: hardly dried up the ink on the manuscript of the Tragedy, hardly came out the first copy from the press, this dramatic text inspired the society of artists right away. An excellent example is Mór Than's lesser-known picture made by the painter back in 1863. Today this - rather large - oil painting (173x202 cm, in a special frame) is own by the Hungarian National Gallery and can be found in the National Széchényi Library as a permanent deposit.

Mór Than  (1828–1899)

Landscape with Nude, c. 1855

Oil on canvas

Height: 108 cm (42.5 in); Width: 82 cm (32.2 in)

Private collection

Mór Than  (1828–1899)

Nude, c. 1873

Oil on canvas

Hungarian National Gallery, Budapest, Hungary

Mór Than  (1828–1899)

Woman in Silk Corset, c. 1891

Oil on canvas

118 × 80.5 cm

Hungarian National Gallery, Budapest, Hungary

Than also designed the first Hungarian postage stamp, which was supposed to be distributed after the Hungarian Revolution of 1848. However, the uprising failed, and Lajos Kossuth's Hungarian State collapsed; the printing presses were subsequently destroyed by Austrian authorities. Than died in Trieszt in 1899. More on Mór Than

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